Preposition, Kata depan dalam Bahasa Inggris

Preposition dalam bahasa Indonesia disebut juga sebagai kata depan. Preposition atau kata depan dalam bahasa Inggris adalah kata yang ditempatkan sebelum kata benda atau kata ganti untuk menunjukkan hubungan dengan bagian-bagian kalimat yang lain. Atau dapat dikatakan sebagai kata yang menghubungkan kata benda (noun) atau kata ganti (pronoun) dengan kata-kata yang lain dalam sebuah kalimat.

Pengertian Preposition (Kata Depan)

Preposisi adalah kata-kata abstrak yang tidak memiliki makna konkret. Preposition hanya menunjukkan hubungan antara kelompok kata-kata. Prepositions menghubungkan kata-kata. Sebuah preposisi menunjukkan hubungan antara dua kata dalam kalimat. Tidak seperti kata benda, kata kerja dan modifiers (pengubah), yang dapat berubah bentuk sesuai dengan
makna dan digunakan dalam kalimat mereka, prepositions tidak pernah berubah bentuk.
"Preposition" (pre+position) biasanya datang sebelum kata lain, biasanya kata benda atau nomina frase:
• kata benda (noun)
• kata ganti (pronoun)
• noun phrase (frase nomina)
• gerund (verb dalam bentuk -ing)

Contoh kalimat yang menggunakan preposition (kata depan):
What do you think about Rina?
We are flying above the clouds.
There is a bridge across the river.
Let’s meet the day after tomorrow.
We walked along the beach for two miles.
He was born around 1989.
Anton is at library.
We have a garden behind our house.
You can buy it if it’s below Rp 5000.000.
We must finish by Friday.
dan masih banyak lagi contoh lainnya.

Di bawah ini adalah daftar kata depan (prepositions) dari A sampai Z yang umum digunakan:

A

aboard, about, above, across, after, against, ahead of, along, amid,

amidst, among, around, as, as far as, as of, aside from, at, athwart, atop

B

barring, because of, before, behind, below, beneath, beside, besides,

between, beyond, but, by, by means of

C

circa, concerning

D

despite, down, during

E

except, except for, excluding

F

far from, following, for, from

I

in, in accordance with, in addition to, in case of, in front of, in lieu of,

in place of, in spite of, including, inside, instead of, into

L

like

M

minus

N

near, next to, notwithstanding

O

of, off, on, on account of, on behalf of, on top of, onto, opposite, out,

out of, outside, over

P

past, plus, prior to

R

regarding, regardless of

S

save, since

T

than, through, till, to, toward, towards

U

under, underneath, unlike, until, up, upon

V

versus, via

W

with, with regard to, within, without

Prepositions of Time

Kata Depan	Penggunaan Preposition	Contoh
on	days of the week	on Monday
in	months / seasons time of day year after a certain period of time (when?)	in August / in winter in the morning in 2006 in an hour
at	for night for weekend a certain point of time (when?)	at night at the weekend at half past nine
since	from a certain point of time (past till now)	since 1980
for	over a certain period of time (past till now)	for 2 years
ago	a certain time in the past	2 years ago
before	earlier than a certain point of time	before 2004
to	telling the time	ten to six (5:50)
past	telling the time	ten past six (6:10)
to / till / until	marking the beginning and end of a period of time	from Monday to/till Friday
till / until	in the sense of how long something is going to last	He is on holiday until Friday.
by	in the sense of at the latest up to a certain time	I will be back by 6 o’clock. By 11 o'clock, I had read five pages.

Prepositions of Place (Position and Direction)

Kata Depan	Penggunaan Preposition	Contoh
in	room, building, street, town, country book, paper etc. car, taxi picture, world	in the kitchen, in London in the book in the car, in a taxi in the picture, in the world
at	meaning next to, by an object for table for events place where you are to do something typical (watch a film, study, work)	at the door, at the station at the table at a concert, at the party at the cinema, at school, at work
on	attached for a place with a river being on a surface for a certain side (left, right) for a floor in a house for public transport for television, radio	the picture on the wall London lies on the Thames. on the table on the left on the first floor on the bus, on a plane on TV, on the radio
by, next to, beside	left or right of somebody or something	Jane is standing by / next to / beside the car.
under	on the ground, lower than (or covered by) something else	the bag is under the table
below	lower than something else but above ground	the fish are below the surface
over	covered by something else meaning more than getting to the other side (also across) overcoming an obstacle	put a jacket over your shirt over 16 years of age walk over the bridge climb over the wall
above	higher than something else, but not directly over it	a path above the lake
across	getting to the other side (also over) getting to the other side	walk across the bridge swim across the lake
through	something with limits on top, bottom and the sides	drive through the tunnel
to	movement to person or building movement to a place or country for bed	go to the cinema go to London / Ireland go to bed
into	enter a room / a building	go into the kitchen / the house
towards	movement in the direction of something (but not directly to it)	go 5 steps towards the house
onto	movement to the top of something	jump onto the table
from	in the sense of where from	a flower from the garden

Other important Prepositions

Kata Depan	Penggunaan Preposition	Contoh
from	who gave it	a present from Jane
of	who/what does it belong to what does it show	a page of the book the picture of a palace
by	who made it	a book by Mark Twain
on	walking or riding on horseback entering a public transport vehicle	on foot, on horseback get on the bus
in	entering a car  / Taxi	get in the car
off	leaving a public transport vehicle	get off the train
out of	leaving a car  / Taxi	get out of the taxi
by	rise or fall of something travelling (other than walking or horseriding)	prices have risen by 10 percent by car, by bus
at	for age	she learned Russian at 45
about	for topics, meaning what about	we were talking about you

Selanjutnya contoh soal dan jawaban: Latihan Soal Prepositions dan Jawaban.