Setelah sebelumnya kita belajar materi bahasa Inggris mengenai simple present tense, maka kali ini kita akan melanjutkan ke materi tenses berikutnya yaitu Rumus Present Continous Tense. Tentu saja tidak hanya dibahas rumus-rumus tensesnya, akan tetapi juga akan dibahas Pengertian, Rumus Present Continous Tense dan Contoh-contoh kalimatnya.
Pengertian Present Continous Tense
Present continous tense digunakan untuk mengekspresikan tindakan lanjutan atau kegiatan yang sedang berlangsung pada saat ini. Ini mengungkapkan suatu tindakan yang sedang berlangsung pada saat dibicarakan. Misalnya, seseorang berkata, “Saya sedang menyirami bunga-bunga”. Ini berarti bahwa si pembicara sedang melangsungkan kegiatan tersebut pada saat mengatakannya. Present Continuous Tense disebut juga Present progressive tense.
Rumus Present Continous Tense
Sebelum beranjak ke rumus present continous tense, sebaiknya anda harus mengetahui apa itu verb dan apa itu to be. Verb adalah kata kerja dalam bahasa Inggris yang penggunaannya dibedakan menurut bentuk waktu (tenses) yang digunakan. Verb terdiri dari verb1 (V1), verb2 (V2), dan verb3 (V3). Sedangkan to be adalah kata kerja bantu (auxialiary verb) yang digunakan untuk menghubungkan subyek dengan kata kerja. To be ada bermacam-macam, contohnya: is, am, are, was dan were.
Secara umum rumus present continous tense adalah seperti berikut:
Pola Kalimat
(+) S + to be (is,am,are) + V-ing + O+ keterangan waktu.
(-) S + to be (is,am,are) + not + V-ing + O+ keterangan waktu
(?) To be (is,am,are) + S + V ing + O+ keterangan waktu?
Bentuk rumus present continous di atas boleh ditambahkan keterangan waktu, juga tidak mengapa apabila anda membuat contoh kalimat tanpa ditambahkan keterangan waktu.
Contoh :
(+) We are studying English at BEC now.
(-) We aren’t studying English at BEC now
(?) Are we studying English at BEC now?
- Kalimat positif (positive statements)
Kalimat positif memiliki pola kalimat:
S + to be (is,am,are) + V-ing + O + keterangan waktu
Bentuk rumus present continous di atas boleh ditambahkan keterangan waktu, juga tidak mengapa apabila anda membuat contoh kalimat tanpa ditambahkan keterangan waktu.
Contoh :
- Mary is typing the monthly report.
- The students are studying English in the classroom.
- I am preparing a minute of meeting.
CONTOH KALIMAT POSITIF
SUBJECT | to be | VERB + ing | Object |
I | am | reading | newspaper. |
You | are | reading | newspaper. |
He | is | reading | newspaper. |
Budiyono | is | reading | newspaper. |
The boy | is | reading | newspaper. |
She | is | reading | newspaper. |
Fatimah | is | reading | newspaper. |
The girl | is | reading | newspaper. |
We | are | reading | newspaper. |
You | are | reading | newspaper. |
They | are | reading | newspaper. |
The children | are | reading | newspaper. |
- Kalimat menyangkal (negative)
Kalimat menyangkal (negative) dibentuk dengan menambahkan “not” sesudah to be (am not, is not/isn’t, are not/aren’t) dan ditempatkan sesudah subjek kalimat.
S + to be (is,am,are) + not + V-ing + O+ keterangan waktu
Bentuk rumus present continous di atas boleh ditambahkan keterangan waktu, juga tidak mengapa apabila anda membuat contoh kalimat tanpa ditambahkan keterangan waktu.
Contoh :
- Mary is not/isn’t typing the monthly report.
- The students are not/aren’t studying English in the classroom.
- I’m not/ am not preparing a minute of meeting.
CONTOH KALIMAT NEGATIVE STATEMENTS
SUBJECT | TO BE + NOT | VERB + ing | OBJECT |
I | am not | speaking | english. |
You | are not | speaking | english. |
He | is not | speaking | english. |
Budiyono | is not | speaking | english. |
The boy | is not | speaking | english. |
She | is not | speaking | english. |
Fatimah | is not | speaking | english. |
The girl | is not | speaking | english. |
We | are not | speaking | english. |
You | are not | speaking | english. |
They | are not | speaking | english. |
The men | are not | speaking | english. |
- Kalimat tanya (interrogative)
Kalimat tanya (interrogative statement) dibentuk dengan menempatkan to be (is, am, atau are) di depan kalimat. Dalam kalimat tanya to be “am, is, atau are” artinya “apakah”.
Pola Kalimat Tanya:
To be (is,am,are) + S + V ing + O+ keterangan waktu?
Bentuk rumus present continous di atas boleh ditambahkan keterangan waktu, juga tidak mengapa apabila anda membuat contoh kalimat tanpa ditambahkan keterangan waktu.
Contoh :
- Are you doing your homework?
- Is your father still working in the office?
- Are the children playing in the garden?
INTERROGATIVE STATEMENTS / QUESTIONS
AM / ARE / IS | SUBJECT | VERB | REST OF THE SENTENCE |
Am | I | eating | Gudeg? |
Are | you | eating | Gudeg? |
Is | he | eating | Gudeg? |
Is | Budiyono | eating | Gudeg? |
Is | the boy | eating | Gudeg? |
Is | she | eating | Gudeg? |
Is | Fatimah | eating | Gudeg? |
Is | the girl | eating | Gudeg? |
Are | we | eating | Gudeg? |
Are | you | eating | Gudeg? |
Are | they | eating | Gudeg? |
Are | the men | eating | Gudeg? |
- Kesesuaian subject dan auxiliary verb di tenses ini adalah sebagai berikut :
AM digunakan oleh subject I.
IS digunakan oleh subject she, he, dan it.
ARE digunakan oleh subject you, we, dan they.
Penggunaan Rumus Present Continous Tense
- Present continuous tense digunakan untuk menunjukkan suatu kejadian atau peristiwa yang sedang terjadi atau berlangsung saat kita sedang bicara
Contoh:
- My brother is painting the house.
- Please be quiet! The baby is sleeping.
- Listen! The neighbors are quarrelling again.
- Present continuous tense digunakan untuk menunjukkan suatu kejadian atau peristiwa yang bersifat sementara (temporary).
Contoh:
- I am living with my friend until I can find a house.
- This machine is not working well.
- John is living in his friend’s flat at the moment.
- David is always busy because he is working on his thesis.
- Present continuous tense digunakan tamtuk menunjukkan suatu keadaan atau situasi yang berubah-ubah.
Contoh:
- The population of Indonesia is rising very fast.
- Our economic situation is already very bad and it is getting worse.
- The cost of living is increasing. Every month things are dearer.
- Present continuous tense digunakan untuk menunjukkan sesuatu yang akan dilakukan di waktu yang akan datang dan telah direncanakan atau ditentukan sebelumnya.
Contoh:
- I am meeting my father at the station tomorrow morning.
- We are holidaying in Europe next month.
- My father is having a meeting with his staff tomorrow morning.
- Beberapa kata kerja tidak digunakan dalam present continuous tense. Kita tidak boleh mengatakan, “I am liking mango very much,” tapi kita harus mengatakan, “I like mango very much.”
Beberapa kata kerja yang tidak digunakan daIam present continuous tense adalah:
kata yang menyangkut panca indera : see, hear, notice, recognize. kata-kata yang menyangkut emosi :want, desire, smell, notice, forgive,wish, care, like, hate, adore, dislike. kata-kata yang menyangkut pikiran :think, feel, realize, understand, know, mean,suppose, believe, expect, remember,recollect, forget, recall, trust, mind. kata-kata yang menyangkut milik :own, belong, possess. kata-kata kerja seperti :seem, signify, appear,- contain,consist, keep, matter.
Contoh :
- I am knowing her well. (Poor)
I know her well. (Good)
- I am understanding what you are meaning (Poor)
I understand what you mean. (Good)
Kata/frase yang biasa digunakan dalam present continuous tense
- Now : Sekarang
- At present : Sekarang Ini .
- At this moment : Pada Saat Ini
- Right now : Sekarang Ini
- Still : Masih
- Look : Lihat
- Listen : Dengarkan
Contoh Kalimat Present Continous Tense
Positive Sentences
- I am listening to the news
- You are washing your clothes
- She is riding on horse
- They are playing football.
- It is raining
Negative Sentence
- I am not listening to the news.
- You are not washing your clothes.
- She is not riding on a horse.
- They are not playing football.
- It is not raining.
- Interrogative Sentences
- Am I listening to the news?
- Are you washing your clothes?
- Is she riding on a horse?
- Are they playing football?
- Is it raining?
Setelah memahami rumus present continous tense di atas, silahkan dilanjutkan ke Contoh Soal Present Continous Tense
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